Аннотация

Цель
Problems of demographic development and health are becoming increasingly important in Tajikistan. Poverty and activation of migration processes make it difficult to ensure a decent standard of living. The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between demographic and socio-economic situation in the new conditions of Tajikistan’s development.
Материал и методы
Reports of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Tajikistan, data from the Agency on Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2010-2022 were analyzed. A sociological survey of 1200 respondents (60.6% men, 39.4% women) aged 24-70 years from all regions of the republic was conducted using an adapted questionnaire. Sociological, epidemiological, statistical and analytical research methods with a systematic approach were applied.
Результаты
During 2010-2022, the birth rate decreased from 31.7 to 23.0 per 1000 population (27.4% decrease), mortality from 4.2 to 3.9 (7.1% decrease), natural increase from 27.3 to 19.4 (28.9% decrease). The population as of January 1, 2022 was 10.011 million people, having almost doubled over 30 years. The share of urban population is 29%, rural - 71%. More than 60% of the population is oriented towards 2-3 children per family, only 2.6% - towards 5 or more children. The poverty level decreased from 32% to 20.5%. Life expectancy increased by 6.8 years and is 73 years for men and 76.9 years for women
Заключение
The Republic of Tajikistan is at the stage of demographic transition with positive trends of poverty reduction and life expectancy growth. It is necessary to develop differentiated support programs for urban and rural populations, taking into account regional characteristics to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the country

Ключевые слова

demography birth rate mortality natural increase poverty migration life expectancy Tajikistan

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Список литературы

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