Abstract

Summary

To assess the frequency and structure of closed blunt eye injuries in children, characterize the spectrum of post- concussion changes and functional treatment outcomes.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective observational study of 173 cases of closed eye trauma in children aged 0-15 years was conducted. The severity of the contusion was assessed by dividing patients into three clinical groups. Data are presented as n (%).

Results

The sample was dominated by boys - 141 (81.5%). Severe contusion (grade III) was diagnosed in 122 children (70.5%), moderate - in 46 (26.6%), mild - in 5 (2.9%). The most frequent injuries were recorded at the age of 6-10 years 
- 76 cases (43.9%). Street injuries accounted for 100 (57.8%), home - 64 (37.0%), school - 9 (5.2%). Among the traumatic objects, wood was most often encountered - 64 (37.0%) and stones - 45 (26.0%). In the structure of post-concussion changes, hyphema (84.4%) and iris damage (67.6%) dominated; retinal edema was detected in 43 patients (24.9%), hemophthalmos - in 21 (12.1%). The proportion of severe visual impairment (VIS <0.1 or light projection) decreased from 138 (79.8%) at admission to 11 (6.4%) at discharge (Wilcoxon test, p<0.001).

Conclusion

Closed blunt eye trauma in children admitted to hospital is characterized by a high rate of severe contusions and a pronounced polymorphism of lesions. Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment result in significant visual recovery in most patients.

Keywords

closed eye injuries childhood eye contusion post-traumatic changes prevention of eye injuries

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